Walter Breen's Encyclopedia of Early United States Cents

Obverse 12. T is above R-Y. Most of the shoulder loop is weak. Usually identified by the die failure at TY of state II.

Reverse S. A(M) repunched with both feet misshapen. Upright of (I)T and top of F are irregular, possibly re-punched.

Edge: Plain edge (PE).

Die states: 1. Perfect dies. Very rare.

II. Clash marks from the dentils above RTY and right. Cracked from bases of TY into the right field. A piece has fallen out of the die at the tops of TY, but above it another piece remains showing the dentil clash marks. Reverse cracked through R and bases of ICA, at first faint.

III. The piece above the TY break has fallen out. The resulting "cud" covers much of TY and extends well to the right. The crack through TY is longer and eventually extends to meet the rim break.

IV. A second rim break extends from opposite tip of the nose to the chin.

Equivalents: Proskey 18. Doughty 154. McGirk 41.

Ross 17:13-N. Clapp-Newcomb 21. Sheldon 208. EAC 18. Encyclopedia 1737.

Rarity 3.

Remarks: Because Ross did not recognize Doughty 154 as the same variety, he credited himself with the discovery.

The pattern of obverse die failure suggests that between states I and II axial die misalignment occurred, making the lower left obverse and upper left reverse weakest. This was apparently corrected at once. The broken obverse die remained in use for probably over 10,000 later impressions.

Condition Census:

VF-35 David Proskey • Henry C. Hines • Dr. William H. Sheldon, 4/19 /1972 • R. E. Naftzger, Jr., 2/23/1992 • Eric Streiner • Early American Coppers 4/1994: 264 $2,800 • Dr. Wallace Lee. State III.

VF-35 Mid-American Rare Coin Auctions 9/1984: 73 $1,275 • Del Bland. Jack H. Robinson • Superior Galleries 1/1989: 437 $5,500. State II. Obverse and reverse illustrated in Noyes.

VF-30 Sharpness of EF-45 but a few heavy pit marks on reverse. Jack Collins • Bowers and Ruddy Galleries 10/1977: 842 $325 • William R. T. Smith • Early American Coppers 1/1979: 107 $260 • Denis W. Loring • Fred H. Borcherdt.

VF-30 Sharpness of AU-50 but some reverse porosity and corrosion; cleaned and recolored. F. Dabney Caldwell, Jr. • Stack's 4/1988: 2110 $935 • Robinson S. Brown, Jr. • Su-perior Stamp & Coin Co. 1/1996: 288 $1,265 • Jack H. Beymer. State IV.

VF-30 Sharpness of EF-45 but nicks and scratches. George H. Hall • Stack's 5/1945: 205 $13.50 • unknown • Hollinbeck Kagin Coin Co. • 1964 ANA (Federal Brand Enterprises): 80 $650 • Hollinbeck Kagin Coin Co. • Hollinbeck Kagin Coin Co. #291, 9/1970: 1890 $850 • un-known • Stuart A. Levine • Bowers and Merena 6/1996: 104 $357.50.

VF-25 Scotsman Coins, 1/1994 • Thomas D. Reynolds. VF-25 Henry J. Berube (New England Coin Co.), 11/3/1965 • Philip Van Cleave • Kagin's Numismatic Auctions #340, 1/1986: 5230 $880 • John Sype, 4/1991 • James H. Goudge, 6/1991 • Don Valenziano, Jr. • Early American Cappers 4/1992: 122 $375 • Don Valenziano, Jr. State IV.

VF-25 Sharpness of EF-45 but burnished. Robert D. Book, 5/1930 • George H. Clapp • ANS. State II. Obverse and reverse illustrated in Clapp-Newcomb. Obverse illustrated in Early American Cents and in Penny Whimsy.

VF-25 William H. Stone • Heritage Numismatic Auctions 1/1998: 5050 $1,552 • Robert C. Oark.

VF-20 Kurt R. Krueger #47, 6/1984: 54 $99 • John Darmanin.

VF-20 Jack Borckardt (The Collector's Cabinet), 4/27/ 1985 • Del Bland • Richard V. Punchard • Wes A. Rasmussen.

VF-20 Sharpness of VF-30 but some faint porosity and obverse scratches. Dr. George P. French, 3/21/1929 • B. Max Mehl FPL, 1929: 251 $25 • Henry A. Sternberg, 9/ 1930 • T. James Clarke, 1944 • B. Max Mehl • B. Max Mehl #112, 4/1949: 2336 $9 • Willard C. Blaisdell, 8/ 1977 • Denis W. Loring, 9/1977 • William R. T. Smith • Early American Coppers 1/1979: 109 $280 • G. Lee Kuntz • Superior Galleries 10/1991: 231 $742.50 • Robert E. Matthews (Matthews Money Tree Co.), 4/24/1994 • Stuart "Mac" MacDonald • Heritage Numismatic Auctions 9/1997: 5146 $776 • Thomas D. Reynolds. Obverse illustrated in Noyes.

VF-20 With a planchet clip. Sharpness of VF-35 but corroded. Dr. Kenneth J. Sartoris, 5/1972 • Del Bland, 6/ 1972 • Jeffrey Oliphant.

VF-20 Sharpness of VF-35 but surfaces not perfectly smooth, scratches obverse and edge nicks on reverse. Larry Whitlow (Beverly Hills Coin Shop), 4/1967 • R. E. Naftzger, Jr. • New Netherlands Coin Co. 11/1973: 523 $110 • Robert E. Vail, 11/21/1988. Del Bland. Chris Victor-McCawley (CVM) • MCLaughlin & Robinson #4392, 9/ 1989: 293 $510 • Steven K. Ellsworth.

VF-20 Sharpness of EF-40 but uniformly rough. F. C. C. Boyd, 1957 • New Netherlands Coin Co., privately 1957 • Dorothy Paschal • New Netherlands Coin Co. #50, 12/1957: 1149 $80 • Dorothy Paschal • Herbert A. Silberman, 5/1983 • Fred H. Borcherdt.

VF-20 Raymond Gallo, 10/1960 • R. E. Naftzger, Jr., 12/11/1986 Herman Halpern • Stack's 3/1988: 183 $605 • Leigh Bernard. State II.

VF-20 Howard R. Newcomb • J. C. Morgenthau & Co. #458, 2/1945: 301 $7.

VF-20 Howard R. Newcomb • J. C. Morgenthau & Co. #458, 2/1945: 302 $8.